上海翻譯公司：英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧十二法

上海翻譯公司是一家有資質(zhì)的翻譯公司，今天給大家帶來(lái)的是英語(yǔ)翻譯的技巧。

(一) 同義反譯法 
例子： 
1. Only three customers remained in the bar. 
酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒(méi)有走。(不譯：「還留著(zhù)」或「還呆在那里」) 
2. I'll be here for good this time. 
這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：「永遠在此呆下去」) 
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out. 
我不在家的時(shí)候，請別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：「我外出時(shí)，請讓爐子繼續燒著(zhù)」) 
4. 'Wait, he is serious.' 
「等等，他不是說(shuō)著(zhù)玩兒的?！?不譯：「等等，他是認真的?！? 
5. 'Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!' 
「聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，克拉拉，對這孩子可不能心軟?！?不譯：「......對這孩子要堅定」) 
(二) 刪減解釋詞 
例子： 
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women. 
到南方去的人看見(jiàn)那些黑白混血的女郎，準定會(huì )注意到她們十之八九都賦有那種獨特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種柔和的聲調和文靜的舉止。 
(三) 短句拆譯 
例子： 
' ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ...' 
「在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗，......」 
(四) 譯詞推陳出新 
例子： 
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower. 
原譯：當他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿(mǎn)懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。 
改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時(shí)候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。 
原詞 原譯 改譯 
when 當......的時(shí)候 等到......的時(shí)候 
act with boldness 大膽行動(dòng) 放膽去追求 
a lover 一個(gè)情人 一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人 
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 種種常有的提心吊膽的心理 
in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是難免的了 
(五) 解釋性添詞 
例子： 
'George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon,' said Mrs. Bagnet. 
「喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會(huì )干出這種事情來(lái)﹗俗話(huà)說(shuō)得好：『滾著(zhù)的碌碡不長(cháng)苔，流浪的漢子不攢財?！晃以鐣缘媚憔褪沁@么一個(gè)流浪漢﹗可真沒(méi)有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過(guò)活的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)財也騙走，」貝格納特太太說(shuō)道。 
(六) 詞無(wú)定譯 
例子： 
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions. 
我們根本不必追問(wèn)政府是否根據刑法或民法對范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對政府進(jìn)行弓一次巨大的詐騙。 
(七) 精煉譯詞 
例子： 
A new dignity crept into his walk. 
原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時(shí)候開(kāi)始給人一種莊重的印象。 
改譯：走起路來(lái)，不覺(jué)平添了幾分尊嚴。 
(八) 刪削'When'字 
例子 
1. When he saw me, he was startled. 
他看見(jiàn)我，嚇了一大跳，(不譯：當他看見(jiàn)我的時(shí)候，......) 
2. 'When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?' 
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒(méi)頭沒(méi)腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來(lái)，那有甚么用呢？」(不譯：當你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時(shí)候，你還拿鞭子......) 
(九) 感嘆詞的不同翻譯方法 
例子： 
1. 'O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!' 
'Why, Eva, your room is full now.' 
「嗐，媽媽?zhuān)瑒e這樣﹗我喜歡這些花，把花給我吧，我要﹗」 
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都滿(mǎn)了?！?nbsp;
2. 'Well, that's odd!' said Marie. 'What in the world do you want that for?' 
「喲，真是怪事﹗」瑪利說(shuō)，「你干嘛非要這個(gè)不可？」 
3. ('...Haley, if you had any conscience.') 
'Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were,' said the trader, jocularly; ... 
'Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?' said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy interval of silence. 
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的話(huà)?！? 
「得，干這行當兒的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就這么一丁點(diǎn)兒，夠拿出來(lái)起誓就得，」奴隸販子開(kāi)著(zhù)玩笑說(shuō)；...... 
「那好，哈利，這樁買(mǎi)賣(mài)你打算怎么個(gè)做法？」謝爾比先生在一陣令人發(fā)窘的沉默之后問(wèn)道。 

(十) 順拆法 
例子： 
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic factors. 
原譯：他的代表團同意執行主任關(guān)于該基金會(huì )應繼續為更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會(huì )和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見(jiàn)。 
改譯：他的代表團同意執行主任的意見(jiàn)，/認為該基金會(huì )應繼續努力，/ 以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會(huì )和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。 
(十一) 倒拆法 
例子： 
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his supposed conditon. 
要是一個(gè)英國女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么爛醉，/ 她就會(huì )對他又惱怒，又厭惡，/ 而挪拉對他卻又同情又寬容，/ 他在這中間看出了一點(diǎn)神圣的質(zhì)量。 
(十二) 抽詞拆句法 
例子： 
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 
從邊境到北京，一路上沿鐵路線(xiàn)極目縱觀(guān)，但見(jiàn)農村到處是茁壯的莊稼，彷佛鋪上一塊綠地毯，這說(shuō)明豐收在望了。