科技文翻譯中非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句現象 | |
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發(fā)起人:eging 回復數:0 瀏覽數:3635 最后更新:2019/1/1 17:18:29 by eging |
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eging 發(fā)表于 2019/1/1 17:18:28
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科技文翻譯中非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句現象 出于科技文章本質(zhì)的決定,科技文章中很少用人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ),而多用非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)。這些非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)后續謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不是一般非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)所用的動(dòng)詞,而是為了人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)所使用的的表示感覺(jué)、意識、情感或動(dòng)作之類(lèi)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。于是就出現了“非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)+人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)使用的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”一現象,常稱(chēng)之為“非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句”。這樣的擬人色彩是本來(lái)顯得單調乏味的科技文章有了些許亮色,增添了不少生機??蠢洌?
1 The food industry has also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution that have reduced post-harvest losses. 2 They have also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution,which have reduced post-harvest losses. 漢譯: 食品工業(yè)也引進(jìn)了新技術(shù),用于食品的貯藏、加工、保鮮盒分配,減少了收獲后的損失。 此外,非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句式可以用更簡(jiǎn)潔的形式表達科技英文的各種邏輯關(guān)系,而將“邏輯標志”統統省略,即變英語(yǔ)的形合句為意合句??蠢洌? 非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句省略了條件句: 1 Seismic measurement of travel time and amplitude define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 2 If we measure the travel time and amplitude,we can define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 漢譯:如果我們測得地震波的走時(shí)和振幅,我們就能夠確定地下的幾何形狀并估算與巖石速率和密度有關(guān)的聲阻抗。 非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句省略了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句: 1 Analysis of a damaged material usually requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 2 When we are doing an analysis of a damaged material,usually it requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 漢譯:當我們在分析破損材料時(shí),通常需要先做直觀(guān)判斷,再做實(shí)際實(shí)驗。 非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句省略了因果關(guān)系句: 1 The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation. 2 The effectiveness of the electronic computer is achieved because it has great speed and accuracy in calculation. 漢譯:電子計算機之所以效率高,是由于其速度快,而且計算準確。 非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句省略了讓步從句: 1 Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 2 Even though we dissolve the salt in water,we cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 漢譯:即使我們將普通鹽溶于水,也不能改變其化學(xué)性質(zhì)。 綜上所述,非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句現象作用是蠻大的。不光出現在科技書(shū)名文中,其他問(wèn)題中也有很常見(jiàn)。希望對大家的英漢互譯學(xué)習有所幫助。 |
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