亚洲春色无码av专区_經(jīng)濟學(xué)人深度好文——女性的領(lǐng)導力或比男性更強

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經(jīng)濟學(xué)人深度好文——女性的領(lǐng)導力或比男性更強
	發(fā)起人：eging3　　回復數：1　　瀏覽數：3442　　最后更新：2022/9/28 20:34:28 by nihaota

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2017/4/28 18:00:05

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經(jīng)濟學(xué)人深度好文——女性的領(lǐng)導力或比男性更強

Sex in the boardroom

ONE by one, the glittering prizes are falling to women. General Motors, IBM, PepsiCo, Lockheed Martin and DuPont are among a couple of dozen giant American companies with female bosses. Oxford University is about to follow the footsteps of Harvard and appoint its first female leader. Women still have an enormous way to go: the New York Times points out that more big American firms are run by men called John than by women. But the trend is clear: women now make up more than 50% of university graduates and of new hires by big employers.

一個(gè)接一個(gè)，閃耀的光環(huán)正好落在了女性頭上。通用汽車(chē)、IBM、百事、洛克希德·馬丁和杜邦等幾十家美國巨頭企業(yè)的現任老板都是女性。牛津大學(xué)即將跟隨哈佛大學(xué)的腳步，任命第一位女校長(cháng)。但女性仍然有很長(cháng)的路要走：據《紐約時(shí)報》指出，美國的大公司中，光是叫約翰的男老板就比女老板的總數多。但趨勢一目了然：在大學(xué)畢業(yè)生和大公司新聘的職員中，女性人數已經(jīng)超過(guò)一半。

Will this growing cadre of female bosses manage any differently from men? Forty years ago feminists would have found the very question demanding. Pioneers such as Margaret Thatcher argued that women could and would do the same job as men, if given a chance. But today some management scholars argue that women excel in the leadership qualities most valued in modern firms.

由女老板組成的骨干隊伍在不斷壯大。她們對企業(yè)的管理與男性會(huì )有任何不同嗎？40年前，女權主義者會(huì )覺(jué)得這樣的問(wèn)題很貶低人?，敻覃愄厝銮袪栠@類(lèi)先鋒曾主張，如果給予女性機會(huì )，她們能勝任也愿意做與男性同樣的工作。但今天，一些管理學(xué)者認為，在現代企業(yè)最為重視的領(lǐng)袖特質(zhì)上，女性更勝一籌。

Those who say women are better suited to taking charge of today’s companies also lean on two other arguments. The first is that women are better at “androgynous” management-that is, combining supposedly “male” and “female” characteristics into a powerful mixture. This is particularly valuable in business undergoing great upheaval, which need a combination of command-and-control and caring-and-sharing. The second is that women differ from men not so much in their leadership style as in the values that they bring to the job. They are much more influenced by compassion and fairness than men.

那些認為女性更適合掌管當今企業(yè)的人還依賴(lài)另兩個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)。首先是女性更擅長(cháng)“中性化”管理，即把一般認為屬于“男性”或“女性”的特征合并成一種強大的混合物。在正經(jīng)歷巨變的企業(yè)中，這尤其有用，因為這些企業(yè)需要指令控制型和關(guān)懷分享型領(lǐng)導的結合。其次，女性和男性在給他們的工作帶來(lái)價(jià)值上的差異要多于他們在領(lǐng)導風(fēng)格上的差異。同情心和公平公正對女性的影響遠多于對男性的影響。

That leads to the second consideration: that both male and female managers are perfectly capable of adapting their leadership styles to meet changing circumstances. Male managers are increasingly embracing a collaborative approach to leadership, as they adapt to a society that has become less deferential. In a 2013 study of 917 managers in Norway-a country that has led the way in female-friendly policies, from board quotas to public child care-Ann Grethe Solberb, a sociologist, concluded that: “Men and women don’t have different styles of leadership.”

這就導向了第二種考察：男性和女性主管都很善于調整自己的領(lǐng)導風(fēng)格來(lái)適應變化的環(huán)境。男性主管正在適應一個(gè)不再那么講究恭敬順從的社會(huì )，他們越來(lái)越多地采納協(xié)作的領(lǐng)導方式。2013年，社會(huì )學(xué)家安妮·格雷特·索爾貝格（Anne Grethe Solberg）在一項對挪威917名主管的調研中總結道：“男性和女性的領(lǐng)導風(fēng)格并無(wú)不同?！睆亩聲?huì )的女性比例到公共兒童保健等等，挪威在女性友好政策上都走在世界的前列。

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