態(tài)版-1500.jpg "上海專(zhuān)業(yè)翻譯公司")
| 法律文件中的長(cháng)句如何翻譯 | |
 |
發(fā)起人：eging 回復數：0 瀏覽數：3732 最后更新：2017/12/7 7:59:18 by eging |
| 發(fā)表新帖 | 帖子排序： |
|
eging 發(fā)表于 2017/12/7 7:59:22
|
|
法律文件中的長(cháng)句如何翻譯 做翻譯，最難處理的莫過(guò)于長(cháng)句。這里所謂的“長(cháng)句”，不單純就句子的長(cháng)度而言，而且是指語(yǔ)法結構比較復雜、從句和修飾語(yǔ)較多、包含的內容層次在一個(gè)以上的句子。鑒于法律文件的目的、性質(zhì)和文體特征，其長(cháng)句出現的頻率遠遠高于其他文字作品，這就給法律翻譯造成了額外負擔。因此，可以這樣說(shuō)，正確理解和翻譯長(cháng)句，是法律翻譯成敗的要素之一。
翻譯長(cháng)句，首先要從語(yǔ)法分析入手理解句子的完整意思，而后在理解的基礎上將其意思用通順的漢語(yǔ)翻譯出來(lái)。以“導論”中0.3節所給的長(cháng)句為例，這個(gè)句子的主句（the Parties shall promptly consult and decide whether…）前面有一個(gè)很長(cháng)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句（if, after the signing of this Agreement, the Chinese government either at the State, provincial, municipal or local level adopts any new law, regulation, decree or rule, amends or repeals any provision of any law, regulation, decree or rule, or adopts any different interpretation or method of implementation of any law, regulation, decree or rule, which contravenes this Agreement or which materially and adversely affects a Party’s economic benefit under this Agreement, then upon written notice thereof from the affected party to the other Party）和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（then upon written notice thereof from the affected party to the other Party），在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，又夾帶著(zhù)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（after the signing of this agreement）和一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句（which contravenes this Agreement or which materially and adversely affects a Party’s economic benefit under this Agreement）。主句本身也相當復雜，除了有主語(yǔ)加兩個(gè)并立的謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的基本句子結構外，兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞未完分別有方式狀語(yǔ)（in accordance with the original provisions thereof as per the relevant provisions of the Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China）及目的狀語(yǔ)（in order to preserve each Party’s economic benefit under this Agreement）和方階從錚?font face="Arial">on a basis no less favorable than the economic benefit it would have received if such law, regulation, decree or rule had not been adopted, amended, repealed or so interpreted of so interpreted or implemented）修飾。就是在后一個(gè)方式狀語(yǔ)中，也還有一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)的虛擬句（it would have received of such law, regulation, decree or rule had not been adopted, amended, repealed or so interpreted or implemented）?？v觀(guān)整個(gè)句子，內有主句又有從句，修飾語(yǔ)套修飾語(yǔ)，一個(gè)接一個(gè)疊加，一環(huán)扣一環(huán)相連，構成了復雜的修飾和被修飾關(guān)系。只有弄清楚句子里各個(gè)成分之間的相互關(guān)系，才有可能理解句子的完整意思。 由于這個(gè)句子內部存在著(zhù)復雜關(guān)系，要準確、通順地譯出原句的完事意思并不是一件容易的事情。比較英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)這兩種語(yǔ)言的句子結構，不難發(fā)現，英語(yǔ)可以憑借關(guān)聯(lián)詞形成很長(cháng)的句子，而漢語(yǔ)卻沒(méi)有諸如關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞之類(lèi)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，因而也就不可能產(chǎn)生結構復雜的長(cháng)句。英語(yǔ)復合句，各個(gè)成分之間都有適當的關(guān)聯(lián)詞加以連接，以表明它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系，這就使得句子各個(gè)成分的設置有較大的靈活性。漢語(yǔ)句子一般是按時(shí)間順序和中國人的邏輯思維順序編排的，即使不使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，也能構成完整的意思。翻譯長(cháng)句，要按漢語(yǔ)的表達方式處理英語(yǔ)句子里錯綜復雜的關(guān)系。處理方法大致可歸納為兩種：一種是基本上按英語(yǔ)原句的結構順序翻譯，另一種是按漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)間順序和邏輯順序翻譯。本章將著(zhù)重分析第一種翻譯方法。 按原句的結構順序翻譯 ?。╝）Each of the Shareholders shall exercise all voting rights and other powers of control available to it in relation to the Company so as to procure (so far as it is able by the exercise of such rights and powers) that at all times during the term of this Agreement, the provisions concerning the structure and organisation of the Company, and the regulation of its affairs set out in this Agreement, are duly observed and given full force and effect, and all actions reserved and given full force and effect, and all actions required of the Shareholders under this Agreement are carried out in a timely manner, and in particular (but not in derogation of the generality of the foregoing), that any meeting of the Board and every general meeting of the Company has the necessary quorum throughout and is conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and shall execute and do and procure all other third parties, if necessary , to execute and do all such further acts, deeds, assurances and things as may be reasonably required so that full effect may be given to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 各股東應應其具有的與公司相關(guān)的所有表決權和其他控制權，以保證（就通過(guò)行使該等權利和權力可以保證而言）在本協(xié)議期限內任何時(shí)候，關(guān)于公司結構和組織的規定和本協(xié)議規定的公司事務(wù)的管理規則得到遵守并具有完全的效力，本協(xié)議項下要求股東采取的一切行動(dòng)均已及時(shí)采取，告別是（但不得損害前述一般性原則）公司的任何董事會(huì )會(huì )議和每一次股東大會(huì )自始至終達到必需的法定人數，且根據本協(xié)議的規定召開(kāi)，而且應簽署和執行，并在必要時(shí)保證所有其他第三方簽署和進(jìn)行可能合理要求的一切進(jìn)一步行動(dòng)、契約、保證和事宜，以使本協(xié)議的條款和條件可以具有完全的效力。 這個(gè)句子中，主語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)并立的謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)賓詞組：shall exercise all voting rights and other powers of control和shall execute and do and procure all other third parties, if necessary, to execute and do all such further acts, deeds, assurances and things，而且緊隨其后又都是表示目的的狀語(yǔ)。翻譯也是按原句的這一基本結構進(jìn)行的。 （b）If in any case Party A, after having become bound to transfer any Shares and Loans pursuant to the provisions of this Clause X to Party B or a third party, shall fail or refuse to do so, the Company Secretary or any other person appointed by the Board shall be deemed to have been irrevocably authorized by Party A, with full power to execute, complete and deliver, in the name and on behalf of Party A, transfers of the Board may then register the purchaser or its nominee as holder of the Shares and issue to the purchaser or its nominee (as the case may be) a certificate of the same, and thereupon, Party A shall be bound to deliver up the certificates for the Shares, and upon such delivery, shall be entitled to receive the purchase price therefore without interest. 如果甲方應有義務(wù)根據本條規定向乙方或第三方轉讓任何股份或貸款，而甲方卻未進(jìn)行或拒絕進(jìn)行轉讓?zhuān)久貢?shū)或董事會(huì )委派的任何其他人應被視為經(jīng)甲方不可撤消的授權，有全權在購買(mǎi)人向公司支付購買(mǎi)價(jià)款后，以甲方的名義并代表甲方簽署、完成并向購買(mǎi)人交付股份和貸款轉讓證，而后董事會(huì )將購買(mǎi)人或其指定的人登記為股份持有人，并向購買(mǎi)人或其指定的人（視情況而定）簽發(fā)股權證，據此，甲方有義務(wù)交付股權證，交付后則有權獲得不計利息的購買(mǎi)價(jià)款。 上面的譯文基本上也是按原句的順序編排的，只有其中的一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)against payment of the purchase price therefore to the Company 根據漢語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的習慣位置向前推移了一步。 |
| 用戶(hù)在線(xiàn)信息 |
當前查看此主題的會(huì )員: 1 人。其中注冊用戶(hù) 0 人，訪(fǎng)客 1
人。
|
譯境翻譯公司BBS|上海翻譯論壇|同聲傳譯交流論壇|自由譯員社區|外籍母語(yǔ)翻譯交流|尋找上海翻譯工作|兼職翻譯招聘|筆譯口譯項目發(fā)布| 上海翻譯資源| 小語(yǔ)種翻譯資源| 證件翻譯資源| 留學(xué)文書(shū)翻譯模板| 翻譯語(yǔ)料術(shù)語(yǔ)庫| CAT翻譯軟件|Trados技術(shù)交流 
|
正在加載...