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十種翻譯技巧（D）
發(fā)起人：eging3　　回復數：2　　瀏覽數：7387　　最后更新：2022/9/28 17:32:17 by nihaota

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2017/5/9 15:00:18
eging3





角　　色：管理員
發(fā) 帖 數：1914
注冊時(shí)間：2015/7/22
十種翻譯技巧（D）
8語(yǔ)態(tài)變換法(voice changes)

英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句多與漢語(yǔ)，因而翻譯是要進(jìn)行相應的語(yǔ)態(tài)調整。

1.In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.     

在有些歐洲國家里，人民享受最廣泛的社會(huì )福利，如醫療保險等。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

2.The robot sifter has been put into use. 

自動(dòng)篩機已投入使用。 

3.The shell parts of reactor pressure vessels have been often fabricated with formed plates welded together. 

反應堆壓力容器的殼體常常由成型鋼板焊接而成。   

4.All the sounds are fed into a computer and analyzed. 

把所有的聲音輸入電腦進(jìn)行分析。    

5.It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. 

如果人們不強烈地感受到損失，那倒是奇怪了。

6. They were given a hearty welcome. 他們受到熱烈歡迎。 

7. I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 

我為這些話(huà)深深感動(dòng)，后來(lái)我就把它們寫(xiě)在圣誕卡上。

8. Last year the region was visited by the worst drought in 60 years. 

去年該地區遭遇了六十年一遇的旱災。

9. The ship was destined for London. 這艘船開(kāi)往倫敦。 

10. Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. 

陽(yáng)光穿過(guò)空氣中的小水珠就形成了彩虹


9 引申法

1.It is not easy to become a member of that club——they want people who have plenty of money to spend, not just every Tom, Dick and     

誤譯：要加入個(gè)俱樂(lè )部并不容易——他們要的是有錢(qián)花的人，不只是湯姆、迪克和哈利等。 

正確譯文：要加入那個(gè)俱樂(lè )部并不容易——他們要的是有錢(qián)花的富人，不是隨便哪個(gè)平民百姓。

2. Dogs don?t speak in the future tense. They live in the moment. 狗不顧將來(lái)，只管眼前。 

3. I visited various parts of my own country; and had I merely a lover of fine scenery, I should have felt little desire to seek elsewhere its gratification, for on no country have the charms of nature been moreprodigally lavished. Her mighty lakes like oceans of liquid silver; her mountains with their bright aerial tints; her valleys, teeming with wild fertility; her tremendous cataracts, thundering in their solitudes; her boundless plains, waving with spontaneous verdure; her broad deep rivers, rolling in solemn silence to the ocean; her trackless forests, where vegetation puts forth all its magnificence; her skies, kindling with the magic of summer clouds and glorious sunshine, —— no, never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery. 

我游遍祖國山河，如果單是為欣賞美景，那我就犯不著(zhù)去別處尋找這種欲望的滿(mǎn)足感；因為在沒(méi)有別的國家象美國這樣有如此迷人的自然景色了：廣闊的湖泊，如銀波閃耀的大海；崇山峻嶺，鋪上空靈爽朗的色彩；深邃的峽谷，繁茂的草木；鳥(niǎo)獸眾多，激蕩的瀑布在寂靜的荒原中轟鳴而下；無(wú)邊的平原，連綿起伏，蓊蓊郁郁；深而寬闊的河流，浩浩蕩蕩，無(wú)聲無(wú)息地奔流入海；人跡罕至的森林，處處顯露著(zhù)豪爽的景觀(guān)；夏日的天空，云朵變幻莫測，陽(yáng)光燦爛—— 不，一個(gè)美國人永遠不必去國外尋找宏偉壯麗的美景！ 

4. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

青春不只是人生的一個(gè)階段；它是一種心境。它不是指紅潤的臉頰，紅色的嘴唇和柔軟彎曲的膝蓋；而是指意志力、豐富的想象力、充沛的情感。它是生命深泉之清新。 

青春不是年華，而是心態(tài)；青春不是粉面、紅唇、柔膝，而是堅強的意志，恢弘的想象，炙熱的戀情；青春是生命深泉的自在涌流。

5. Every life has its roses and thorns. 每個(gè)人的生活都有甜有苦。

6. New York is not Mecca to me. 

紐約不是我心中的圣城。 

紐約不是我向往的地方。 

7.郭彩娣笑了，贊賞他的口才說(shuō)：“說(shuō)話(huà)真會(huì )繞彎?！保ā渡虾５脑?晨》）

Guo Caidi smiled and said appreciatively: “He certainly knows how to keep you guessing.” 

8. Long-stemmed models ankled through the lobby (<time>) 身材修長(cháng)的模特們裊裊婷婷地走過(guò)大廳。 

9. Haie gazes thoughtfully at his great paws and winks at me. The thrashing was the high water mark of his life. He tells me he often dreams of it (Brick Remarque: <All Quite on the Western Front>) 

哈伊面帶沉思地盯著(zhù)自己的一雙大手，對我眨了眨眼。他一生最好的時(shí)候，就是在家鄉打粒脫谷那會(huì )兒。他告訴我說(shuō)他常常夢(mèng)見(jiàn)那些日子

10. The project is an economic albatross from the start

這個(gè)項目從一開(kāi)始就是一個(gè)擺脫不了的經(jīng)濟難題

11. 她怕碰一鼻子灰，話(huà)到嘴邊，他又把它吞了下去。 

She was afraid of being snubbed, so she swallowed the words that came to her lips. 

12. 為頭一人，頭戴武巾，身穿團花線(xiàn)袍，白凈面皮，三綹髭須，真有龍鳳之表。（《儒林外傳》） 

13. The leader of the band wore a military cap and flowered silk costume. He has a clear complexion, his beard was fine and he looked every inch a King. 

那柳湘蓮原系世家子弟，…..素性爽俠，不拘細事，酷好耍槍舞劍，賭博吃酒，以至眠花臥柳，吹笛彈箏，不所不為。

Liu Xiang-lian was a young man of excellent family…He was of a dashing impulsive with spear or saber, drinking, and gambling, but be was not averse play on both the flute and zither. 

14. 我要有個(gè)三長(cháng)兩短，你給玉山捎個(gè)話(huà)?。ǘ霹i程《保衛延安》）

If anything should happen to me, let Yushan know!

15. He is a rolling stone ,I don?t think he can go far.

他是一個(gè)見(jiàn)異思遷的人，我想他不會(huì )有多大出息。 

16. By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.

他用這種手段離間這對夫妻。 

17. He thinks by all this fast talking and flattery he can pull the wool over her eyes ,but she isn’t deceived.

他以為像這樣花言巧語(yǔ)加上奉承就可以蒙蔽她，但她沒(méi)有受騙。

18. If he is unhappy with her… why doesn?t he leave her? She can be happy without him. It is so silly—this cat-and-dog existence. 

假使他同她在一塊是那么的不幸?！麨槭裁床浑x開(kāi)她呢？她沒(méi)有他還可以幸福的。這是多么無(wú)聊呀——這種經(jīng)常爭吵的生活。

19. 有的小伙子還總結出一條“戀愛(ài)經(jīng)驗”：”先不能讓她知道你是礦工，能把她?俘虜?了，再亮?番號’！”（陳建功：《丹鳳眼》）

Some of them even came to conclusion about “the art of love ” :”First of all ,you should never let her know you are a miner until you have her completely at your feet.”


10 句子成分轉譯

英漢兩種語(yǔ)言，由于表達方式不盡相同，在具體英譯漢時(shí)，有時(shí)往往需要轉換一下句子成分，才能使譯達到邏輯正確、通順流暢、重點(diǎn)突出等目的。句子成分轉譯作為翻譯的一種技巧，其內容和形式都比較豐富，運用范圍也相當廣泛，共包括五個(gè)方面的內容。 

1. 主語(yǔ)轉譯技巧，可以將句子的主語(yǔ)轉譯成漢語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。  

The wings are responsible for keeping the sir plane in the air. 

機翼的用途是使飛機在空中保持不墜。（轉譯成定語(yǔ)）

To get all the stages off the ground ,a first big push is needed. 

為了使火箭各級全部離開(kāi)地面，需要有一個(gè)巨大的第一次推力。（轉譯成賓語(yǔ)） 

Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper than formerly. 

因為有了機械的緣故，工廠(chǎng)里出的產(chǎn)品比起以前來(lái)，價(jià)格便宜多了。（轉譯成狀語(yǔ)） 

2.謂語(yǔ)轉譯技巧?？梢詫⒅^語(yǔ)轉譯成定語(yǔ)。  

Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight .

雷達的工作原理和手電筒極為相同。 

3.賓語(yǔ)轉譯技巧?？梢詫①e語(yǔ)轉譯成主語(yǔ)。 

Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but appear in a variety of forms. 

各種自動(dòng)車(chē)床的作用基本相同，但形式不同 

4.定語(yǔ)轉譯技巧。定語(yǔ)可以轉譯成謂語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。 

Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton. 

中子的質(zhì)量略大于質(zhì)子的質(zhì)量。（轉譯成謂語(yǔ)）  

Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books , equipment and assistant ,that will ensure success in their scientific research. 

現在已給該縣科學(xué)家提供了必要的圖書(shū)、儀器和助手，以保證科研工作的成功。（轉譯成狀語(yǔ)） 

Hardened steel contains high carbon content which reacts with the diamond and thus causes serious wear of the diamond tool. 

因為淬硬鋼材含有高碳成分，從而與金剛石產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應，這樣便導致金剛石刀具的嚴重磨損。 

5.狀語(yǔ)轉譯技巧。狀語(yǔ)轉譯一般指的是狀語(yǔ)從句的轉譯。它可分作把時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句轉譯成條件狀語(yǔ)從句，把地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從轉譯成條件狀語(yǔ)從句和把原因狀語(yǔ)從句轉譯成困果偏正復句中的主語(yǔ)等三種形式。

These three colors, red, green, and violet, when combined, produced white. 

紅色、綠色和紫色這三種顏色如果合在一起就變成白色。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句轉譯成條件狀語(yǔ)從句） 

Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen. 

如果光束通道上沒(méi)有東西，就什么也看不到。（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句轉譯成條件狀語(yǔ)從句） 

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 
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