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十種翻譯技巧（B）
發(fā)起人：eging3　　回復數：1　　瀏覽數：5797　　最后更新：2022/9/28 20:24:44 by nihaota

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2017/5/9 14:16:18
eging3





角　　色：管理員
發(fā) 帖 數：1914
注冊時(shí)間：2015/7/22
十種翻譯技巧（B）
4詞類(lèi)轉換法(conversion)


詞類(lèi)轉換法(conversion)是基于兩種語(yǔ)言習慣的不同，在翻譯中保留詞語(yǔ)意義而改變此類(lèi)的做法。 

1.Maya Angelou returned to America in 1964, with the intention of helping Malcolm build his new Organization of African American Unity. 

瑪雅 安琪露于1964年返回美國，打算幫助馬爾科爾木新建立一個(gè)非裔美籍人聯(lián)合會(huì )

2.Shortly after her arrival in the United States, Malcolm was assassinated, and his plans for a new organization died with him.

馬爾科爾木來(lái)美不久即遭暗殺，他籌建新組織的計劃也隨即夭亡。

3.His (Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.) assassination, falling on her birthday in 1968, left her devastated（蹂躪，破壞；使荒廢）. 

1968年她生日那天，小馬丁路德金被人暗殺，她痛不欲生。

4.There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer     

譯文：學(xué)生家長(cháng)普遍認為學(xué)校不再對教單詞拼寫(xiě)感興趣。 

5.He was popular     

譯文：他在年輕人中很受歡迎。

6.We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who   

譯文：給我們留下極深印象的是：即便那些沒(méi)有被告知其病情的病人對其疾病的潛在后果也非常清楚。 

7. 學(xué)生們都應該德、智、體全面發(fā)展。 

All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically.  (名詞轉副詞) 

8. 由于我們實(shí)行了改革開(kāi)放政策，我國的綜合國力有了明顯的增強。     

Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (動(dòng)詞轉名詞)     

9. The imitation of living systems, be it direct or indirect, is very useful for devising machines, hence the rapid development of bionics. 

對生物系統的模仿，不管是直接的還是間接的，對機械設計都很有用，因此仿生學(xué)得以快速發(fā)展。 

10. Abraham Lincoln wanted to build a government of the people, by the people, and for the people. 

林肯想建立一個(gè)民有民治民享的政府。 

疏忽幾秒鐘，貴重的儀表就可能會(huì )徹底損壞，無(wú)法修復。

11. Some of my class-mates are good singers.

我的同班同學(xué)中有些人唱歌唱的很好。

12. Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 

黨的干部吃簡(jiǎn)陋的飲食，住寒冷的窯洞，靠微弱的燈光，長(cháng)時(shí)間的工作。

黨的干部長(cháng)時(shí)間地工作，而他們吃的是粗陋的飯菜，住的是寒冷的窯洞，點(diǎn)的是昏暗的油燈。

13. Stevenson was eloquent and elegant——but soft.

史蒂文森有口才，有風(fēng)度，但很軟弱。

14. The Wilde family were religious.

王爾德全家都是虔誠的教徒。

15. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.

他不抽煙，可他爸爸卻是個(gè)老煙槍。

16. 他的講演給聽(tīng)眾的印象深刻。 

His speech impressed the audience deeply.

17. 該廠(chǎng)的產(chǎn)品的主要特點(diǎn)是工藝精湛，經(jīng)久耐用。 

The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability

18. 她在最后一幕里占了突出的地位。

She figures prominently in the last act.

19. 會(huì )議沒(méi)能取得一致意見(jiàn)就結束了。

The meeting ended in disagreement.

5順序調整法(inversion)   

  為避免字對字，行對行翻譯所產(chǎn)生的弊端，翻譯中要根據目的與習慣進(jìn)行詞序和句內結構的調整，但順序調整后的譯文不能偏離原文的句子重心。

1.During the early history of the United States, a man virtually owned his wife and children as he did his material possessions. 

在美國早期歷史上，男人就像擁有個(gè)人物質(zhì)財產(chǎn)一樣完全擁有自己的妻子和孩子。 

2. The medical profession is an example of changed attitudes in the 19th and 20th centuries about what was regarded as suitable work for women. 

關(guān)于什么是適合于女人的工作，19和 20世紀的人們態(tài)度發(fā)生了轉變，其中一例就是對于醫療職業(yè)態(tài)度的轉變。

3.  It also plays an important role in making the earth more habitable, as warm ocean currents bring milder temperatures to places that would otherwise be quite cold. 

由于溫暖的洋流能把溫暖的氣候帶給那些本來(lái)十分寒冷的地區并使之變暖, 因此, 海洋在使我們這個(gè)地球更適合人類(lèi)居住方面也扮演一個(gè)重要的角色（原因狀語(yǔ)從句 ） 

4. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you catch!   
當你跟可愛(ài)的孩子們站在池子里，又有個(gè)年輕的狄安娜在池邊好奇的接受你捉上來(lái)的任何東西的時(shí)候，如果你懂得什么叫美的話(huà)，時(shí)間是過(guò)得很快的！   

要是你和一群可愛(ài)的孩子在池塘中捉魚(yú)摸蝦，有位天仙般的姑娘站在池邊，快活地撿起你們的“戰利品”，你若知美，定會(huì )覺(jué)得時(shí)間如白駒過(guò)隙，一晃即逝。(逆序法)   

5. while the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton?s academy for a young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour.   

(當時(shí))這個(gè)世紀剛過(guò)了十幾年。在六月的一天早上，天氣晴朗，啟斯維克林蔭道上平克頓女子學(xué)校的大鐵門(mén)前面來(lái)了一輛寬敞的私人馬車(chē)。拉車(chē)的兩匹馬套著(zhù)锃亮的馬具，一個(gè)肥胖的車(chē)夫戴了假發(fā)和三角帽子，趕車(chē)的速度是一小時(shí)四英里。（分譯法）      

6. The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.     

擺攤的高聲吆喝，兜售自己的商品，趕驢的小伙和腳夫扯開(kāi)嗓門(mén)，叫前面的人開(kāi)道兒讓路，買(mǎi)主和店家爭來(lái)爭去、討價(jià)還價(jià)，人聲喧噪，持續不斷，讓人頭昏腦暈。     

7. Baker is typical of many translation scholars who make detailed use of the terminology of functional grammar and discourse analysis in that she devotes by far the most attention to the textual function.   

在詳細運用功能語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)篇分析術(shù)語(yǔ)的眾多翻譯學(xué)家中，貝克很有代表性，因為到目前為止她是最關(guān)注語(yǔ)篇功能的學(xué)者。 

8. Linguistic differences are of course indicative of cultural differences, and Venuti is one critic who sees linguistics-oriented approaches as projecting ?a conservative model of translation that would unduly restrict (translation’s) role in cultural innovation and change?. 

語(yǔ)言的差異當然表明著(zhù)文化的差異，韋努提批評語(yǔ)言學(xué)導向的研究方法使用的保守翻譯模式，它限制了翻譯促進(jìn)文化創(chuàng )新和發(fā)展的作用。 

9. Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quantity of the natural products can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or more often, because the physical property of the synthetic substance, which is the common name for man-made materials, have been chosen, and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be applied.

合成材料通常稱(chēng)為人造材料。許多人造材料正逐步取代某些天然材料，這或許是因為天然制品的數量不能滿(mǎn)足人們日益增長(cháng)的需求，但更多的則是因為人們看中了合成材料的某種物理性能，并充分發(fā)揮這些性能，以便使合成材料在其應用領(lǐng)域中最大限度地發(fā)揮作用。（綜合法） 

10. 中國人也好，外國人也好，死人也好，活人也好，對的就是對的，不對的就是不對的。 

What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, whether it concerns the Chinese or foreigners, whether it concerns the dead or the living. 

11. 能不能盡快的把科學(xué)技術(shù)搞上去，這是一個(gè)關(guān)系到社會(huì )主義建設的全局，關(guān)系到我們國家命運與前途的大問(wèn)題。

Whether science and technology can be pushed forward as quickly as possible is a question of vital importance for socialist construction as a whole and for the destiny and future of our country. 

12. Spring has so much more than speech in its unfolding flowers and leaves , and the coursing of its streams ,and in its sweet restless seeking!(John Galsworthy:The apple tree) 

春花怒放，春水奔流，春天歡騰地無(wú)休無(wú)止地追逐著(zhù)，這一切都比語(yǔ)言要豐富得多！

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［eging3 于 2017-5-9 14:18:19 編輯過(guò)］ 排版出錯
2022/9/28 20:24:45
nihaota





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