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中國計劃提高法定退休年齡
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2017/3/21 10:44:24

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中國計劃提高法定退休年齡

China plans to raise age of retirement

中國計劃提高法定退休年齡

China will gradually raise its statutory retirement age over the coming years in a bid to combat the effects of an aging population.

為應對人口老齡化帶來(lái)的影響，未來(lái)幾年里我國將逐步提高法定退休年齡。

Yin Weimin, minister of human resources and social security, told a news conference on Monday that the current retirement policy "seems to be out of date".

本周一，中國人口資源與社會(huì )保障部部長(cháng)尹蔚民在一次例行記者招待會(huì )上表示，我國現行的退休政策已經(jīng)不符合當前的國情了。

Currently, China’s retirement age is 60 for men, 55 for female white-collar workers and 50 for female blue-collar employees.

按照我國現行的法定退休政策，男性干部退休年齡為60歲，女性干部為55歲，職工退休年齡則統一為50歲。

"The current policy was formulated about 60 years ago when average life expectancy was relatively low. After so many years, life expectancy has increased," said Yin.

“現行的退休政策是60年前制定的，當時(shí)的人均預期壽命還相對較低。經(jīng)過(guò)這么多年，人均預期壽命已經(jīng)提高?！彼f(shuō)到。

"That’s not to mention the aging population trend. Last year the number of citizens aged over 60 surpassed 220 million, accounting for 16 percent of the total population.

“更不用說(shuō)當前我國人口老齡化的趨勢，去年60歲以上城市人口達到了2.2億，占總人口的16%?！?/font>

"Currently, the average retirement age in China is under 55, compared to somewhere in the mid-60s in many other countries. Taking all these factors into consideration, China should raise the retirement age but only step by step until it reaches a reasonable level."

“目前，中國的平均退休年齡在55歲以下，低于其它很多國家的60~65歲。綜合考慮各方面的因素，中國應采取漸進(jìn)式延遲退休的政策來(lái)提高退休年齡，直到達到合理水平?！?/font>

The gradual implementation of a higher retirement age would mean, for example, that a worker who is five years away from retirement when the new policy takes effect would have to work an additional three months, while a worker six years out would work six months extra, Yin said.

對于延遲退休的漸進(jìn)式推進(jìn)方案，尹部長(cháng)解釋說(shuō)，比如一位5年后即將滿(mǎn)60歲退休的人，新政策實(shí)施后，要在他60歲零3個(gè)月時(shí)退休；而如果是一位六年后滿(mǎn)60歲退休的人，要在他60歲零6個(gè)月時(shí)退休。

Moreover, it will not be applied equally to all sectors of the workforce and a reform plan will be released to solicit public opinion within 12 months, he added.

尹部長(cháng)補充說(shuō)，新的退休政策將不再區分員工身份，所有人平等對待。另外，今年將拿出一份延遲退休改革方案，向社會(huì )廣泛征求意見(jiàn)。

Jin Weigang, a researcher with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, told China News Service on Saturday that the plan is likely to be implemented in 2022 after a five-year transitional period.

中國人保部的一位名叫金維剛的研究員上周六向中國新聞社透露，新的退休政策首先要經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)五年的過(guò)渡期，預計在2022年正式實(shí)施。

The government’s plan to raise the retirement age is a response to the fact that China’s shrinking workforce and aging population has begun to bite into the country’s labor market and pension system. Population figures show that the number of people aged 16 to 60 fell by 4.87 million to 911 million in 2015, the fourth consecutive year of decline.

政府的這項提高退休年齡的舉措是為了緩解當前國內面臨的勞動(dòng)力枯竭和人口老齡化現象，以及由此引發(fā)的對勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)及養老金制度的不利影響。據人口統計數據顯示，2015年16歲至60歲人口為9.11億，較去年減少了487萬(wàn)，已經(jīng)持續四年降低。

On Dec 2, the Institute of Population and Labor Economics and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences published a green paper on population and labor, in which researchers suggested a two step strategy to changing the retirement age. They recommended that China complete the integration of its two pension systems by 2017 and that from 2018, the retirement age for women should be raised one year every three years, and the retirement age for men should be raised one year every six years.

去年12月2日，中國社會(huì )科學(xué)院人口與勞動(dòng)經(jīng)濟研究所出版了一份關(guān)于人口和勞動(dòng)力的綠皮書(shū)，專(zhuān)家建議應采取兩步走的策略來(lái)提高退休年齡：在2017年前完成兩大養老金制度的合并；從2018年起，女性員工的退休年齡將每三年提高一歲，男性員工每六年提高一歲。

This means that by 2045, the retirement age for both men and women would be 65.

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